Coma mixedematoso como presentación de hipotiroidismo / Myxedema coma as presentation of hypothyroidism

Resumen Se presenta un caso de una paciente de 69 años de edad y sin antecedentes personales o familiares de patología tiroidea alguna, que asiste con un estado convulsivo de aparición súbita, de hemicuerpo derecho y relajación esfinteriana, asociado, además, a trastornos del estado de conciencia, bradicardia, bradipnea y edema de difícil Godet en miembros inferiores. Los exámenes complementarios mostraron acidosis respiratoria, hiposecreción de T4 y elevación de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides por retroalimentación negativa. Estos resultados corroboraron el diagnóstico presuntivo de coma mixedematoso. Se emprendió el tratamiento hormonal correspondiente con levotiroxina, al cual respondió satisfactoriamente y fue egresada a los 24 días de su ingreso, pendiente de valoración por el especialista de endocrinología.

Abstract We present the case of a 69-year-old female patient with no personal or family history of any thyroid disease, who attends with a convulsive state of sudden onset, right hemibody and sphincter relaxation, also associated with disorders of the state of consciousness, bradycardia, bradypnea and edema of difficult godet in lower limbs. Complementary analyses showed respiratory acidosis, hyposecretion of T4 and elevation of the thyroid stimulating hormone by negative feedback. These results corroborated the presumptive diagnosis of myxedema coma. The corresponding hormonal treatment with levothyroxine was undertaken, to which it responded satisfactorily and was discharged 24 days after admission, pending evaluation by the endocrinology specialist for an outpatient hormone replacement therapy.

Insuficiência adrenal aguda / Acute adrenal insufficiency

A insuficiência adrenal (IA) consiste em síndrome clínica rara, decorrente da deficiência de glicocorticoides e/ou mineralocorticoides, podendo ser primária. A insuficiência adrenal aguda consiste em emergência endócrina rara, resultante da diminuição súbita do cortisol circulante, ou de aumento significativo da demanda por esse hormônio em pacientes com algum grau de disfunção adrenal, ocorrendo mais frequentemente no contexto da IA primária. O prognóstico da doença depende do reconhecimento e intervenção terapêutica precoces

Adrenal insuficiency (AI) consists of a rare clinical syndrome resulting from glucocorticoids and/or mineralocorticoids deficiency. Adrenal insufficiency may be primary. The acute AI is a rare endocrine emergency resulting from sudden decrease of circulating cortisol or, elevated demand for this hormone in patients with some degree of adrenal disfunction, occuring more frequently in primary AI. The prognosis depends on early recognition and precocious therapeutic intervention